THE MARRIAGE OF ʿĀISHAH (RA) IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQĀṢID ALSHARĪʿAH: A HISTORICAL AND NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OBJECTIVES OF ISLAMIC LAW
Keywords:
Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah, Marriage of ʿĀishah (RA), Ḥifẓ al-Nasl, Family Fiqh, Islamic EthicsAbstract
This paper analyzes the marriage of the Prophet Muḥammad (peace be
upon him) to Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) within the
framework of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, emphasizing the historical,
normative, and educational dimensions of the event. Modern debates that
highlight the issue of ʿĀishah’s age often stem from a literalist reading
detached from the maqāṣid-based context of Islamic law. Through a
qualitative literature study of classical sources such as al-Sīrah alNabawiyyah, al-Muwāfaqāt by al-Shāṭibī, and Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah alIslāmiyyah by Ibn ʿĀshūr, this article finds that the marriage carries broad
legal dimensions: the protection of lineage (ḥifẓ al-nasl), preservation of
religion (ḥifẓ al-dīn), education of the ummah (taʿlīm al-ummah), and the
formation of Islamic family ethics. Methodologically, this study employs
a maqāṣidī-historical approach, using qualitative analysis of both texts
and the 7th-century Arabian social context. The findings suggest that the
marriage of ʿĀishah was not merely a historical fact but a sharīʿah
instrument for safeguarding moral order and the epistemology of Islamic
law. A maqāṣid-based understanding helps to avoid ahistorical
interpretations while reinforcing the relevance of Islamic family ethics in
the modern era.
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